1800

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Napoleon Crossing the Alps by Jacques-Louis David. (Click on image to read more about it and to see a larger version.)

January 1: The Dutch East India Company dissolves.
May: An assassination attempt is made on George III at Drury Lane Theatre.
May 5: Great Britain passes the Act of Union to join Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom (to take effect on 1 January 1801). The act is signed by King George III in August.
May 15: Napoleon crosses the Alps and invades Italy.
June 14: Napoleon drives the Austrians from Italy (which they had conquered while he was busy in Egypt) in the Battle of Marengo.
September 4: At the invitation of the Maltese, British troops liberate the Islands of Malta and Gozo from the French. The islands become the Malta Protectorate.
November 1: U.S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
December 3: Peace negotiations between France and Austria break down, and Napoleon sends General Moreau into Austria, where he is victorious at the Battle of Hohenlinden.

Maria Edgeworth’s Castle Rackrent is published.
A new edition of Lyrical Ballads is published, with a Preface by William Wordsworth (expanded in the 1802 edition) that stands as a Romantic manifesto on the nature of poetry.
April 25: English poet William Cowper dies at age 68 .

Portrait of Madame Recamier by Jacques Louis David. (Click on image to see a larger version and to read more about it.)

London’s Royal College of Surgeons is founded.
Yeast is discovered, as a new way to make beer ferment (beer made before 1800 was lambic).
The first design for a cast iron twin leaf swing bridge is produced by Ralph Walker for the London Docks.

The Antipodes Islands, formerly the home of large herds of fur seals, are discovered by the crew of the British ship HMS Reliance.